THE GLOBAL ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT AS A FACTOR IN FORMING FOOD SECURITY

Abstract

The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the role of the global economic environment as a determining factor in the formation of food security at the international level. The relevance of the topic is due to the increasing interdependence of countries in the globalized world, which simultaneously creates new problems and opportunities for ensuring stable access to food resources for all categories of the population. The processes of global integration, growing economic, political, climatic risks, as well as geopolitical instability require a new approach to understanding and managing food security in the conditions of a changing global economic environment. The research method is to identify key factors, mechanisms of influence and ways of forming sustainable food systems in a global context. The methodological approach is based on the use of system analysis, abstract-logical methods, as well as synthesis and comparison methods, which allows assessing the interaction of economic, political, natural and social factors in the formation of food security. The emphasis is on a comprehensive analysis of supply chains, the role of international trade, the impact of currency fluctuations, investment processes and transnational corporations in the agricultural sector. In addition, modern global challenges – pandemics, climate change, trade barriers and geopolitical conflicts – and their multidisciplinary impact on food systems are taken into account. The results obtained allow for a comprehensive characterization of the factors that provide accessibility, stability and quality of food at the global level. Thus, the mechanisms of influence of global economic fluctuations and institutional interactions on the formation of food policy of the state and international coalitions are addressed. The significance of diversification of supply chains, technological modernization of agricultural production and coordination of international efforts to reduce vulnerability to external shocks is revealed. The practical value of the article lies in the proposal of scientifically based recommendations for optimizing food security policy in the context of globalization. It is useful for government agencies, international organizations, and business communities interested in improving food system efficiency, minimizing the risks of food crises, and ensuring social stability. The proposed approaches contribute to the formation of adaptive strategies that take into account modern economic and environmental challenges, which are a prerequisite for the sustainable development of food systems in the world.